Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay

Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay

Hi,

I completed the answer for hemalogic section for my advanced pathophysiology class. I would like to have someone recheck my answer. There are only 15 questions. The last time, I had two different person correct for me and there were three questions incorrect. It really effects my grade. I would like to have someone to help me with the corrected answers and please provide rationales. Please complete before 12:00pm tomorrow. Thank you very much! Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay

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Tim.

Hematologic
1. Blood Group O
a. Is a universal recipient because they can receive blood from all other groups
b. Is a universal donor because they can give blood to all other groups.
c. Has the AB antigens on its plasma membrane
d. Can receive blood from either group A or group B, but not from group AB
Answer: B
2. During the life cycle of red blood cells:
a. RBCs are unable to synthesize proteins, grow or undergo mitotic division
b. RBCs have a life span of about 70‐80 days
c. The heme portion of hemoglobin is broken down to amino acids
d. The globin portion of hemoglobin is degraded to bilirubin by the liver
Answer: D
3. Pernicious anemia may result from
a. Abnormal production of hemoglobin due to genetic defect
b. The absence of depressed synthesis of globin chains
c. Excessive bleeding
d. The lack of vitamin B12 in diet or deficiency of intrinsic factor needed to absorb B12
Answer: D
4. When red blood cells transport respiratory gases
a. Both oxygen and carbon dioxide combine to the globin portion
b. Oxygen binds to the heme portion while carbon dioxide binds to the globin portion
c. Both oxygen and carbon dioxide combine to the heme portion
d. Carbon dioxide binds to the heme portion and oxygen binds to the globin portion
Answer: B
5.The percentage of total volume used to determine the number of erythrocytes
in a blood sample is referred to as the
a. Hematocrit Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay
b. Red blood cell count
c. ESR
d. Reticulocyte count
Answer: A
6. Which tests reflects bone marrow activity?
a. Reticulocyte count
b. MCH
c. MCV
d. Hct
Answer: A
7. A differential count of WBCs includes all of the following except:
a. Granulocytes
b. Agranulocytes
c. Reticulocytes
d. Monocytes
Answer: D
8. Which granulocyte functions in antibody‐mediated defense against parasites?
a. Lymphocyte
b. Monocyte
c. Neutrophil
d. Eosinophil
Answer: D
9. The symptoms of polycythemia vera are essentially caused by:
a. Fewer erythrocytes than normal
b. Decreased blood volume
c. Increased blood viscosity
d. Increased rate of blood flow
Answer: C
10. Hemolytic anemia may result in:
a. Jaundice
b. Loss of vibratory sense
c. Acidosis
d. Petechiae
Answer: A
11. A cause of macrocytic‐normochromic anemia is: Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay
a. Iron deficiency
b. Deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid
c. An enzyme deficiency
d. Inheritance of abnormal hemoglobin structure
Answer: B
12.A thrombocytopenia with a platelet count between 40,000/mm3 and 50,000/mm3 likely will cause
a. Hemorrhage from minor trauma
b. Spontaneous bleeding
c. Death
d. Polycythemia
Answer: A
13. A first time pregnancy may initiate Rh sensitization in which conditions?
a. Rh positive mother, Rh negative fetus
b. Rh negative mother, Rh positive fetus
c. Rh negative father, Rh positive mother
d. Rh negative father, Rh negative mother
Answer: B
14. CML is characterized by:
a. High blastocyst numbers
b. High incidence in children
c. Association with the presence of hyperuricemia
d. Survival time of weeks to months Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay
Answer: A
15.Which of the following symptoms are consistent with aplastic anemia but not with pernicious anemia?
a. Petechiae and purpura
b. Pallor
c. Hypoxia
d. Neuropathy
Answer: A

The first department I took the examination was hematology. I regularly work in hematology, but I still know what I have learned through the hematology supervisor’s checklist. What I first learned was the correct way to calculate body fluid with a hemocytometer. Recently our laboratory has purchased two new Beckman DXH blood analyzers that provide flowing cell numbers, whether you believe or not. If you like, you can check the count with a hemocytometer, but no one never does it again. Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay

Hematology: Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of blood diseases (hematology) and cancer (oncology) and their research. Hematology – Oncology includes diseases such as iron deficiency anemia, hemophilia, sickle cell disease, thalassemia, leukemia and lymphoma, as well as cancers of other organs. Rough skirt

Doctors specializing in hematology are called hematologists or hematologists. Although their daily work mainly involves the care and treatment of patients with blood disorders, they work in the blood laboratory, observe the blood membrane and bone marrow slides with a microscope and explain the results of various blood tests. Blood coagulation test results Depending on the facility, a hematologist also manages the blood testing laboratory. The doctor who works in the blood laboratory and who manages them most often is a pathologist specializing in the diagnosis of blood diseases known as a hematologist or a hematologist. Hematologists and hematologists often make diagnoses and work together to provide the most appropriate treatment when needed. Hematology is a unique sub-discipline of internal medicine and is separate from the sub-discipline of medical oncology but overlapping Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay

In the medical field, hematology includes the treatment of hematologic and malignant tumors, including hemophilia, leukemia, lymphoma and sickle cell anemia. Hematology is a department of medicine dealing with prevention of physiology, pathology, etiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and blood related diseases. Blood consists of several parts including red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and plasma. Red blood cells occupy 45% of the whole blood and carry oxygen from the lungs to body tissues. They also return carbon dioxide to the lungs for expiration. They are disc shaped and produced in bone marrow. White blood cells are also made of bone marrow and help fight infection. Together with platelets, they account for less than 1% of the whole blood. Platelets are small colorless fragments that cling together and interact with coagulation proteins to prevent or prevent bleeding. They are also produced in the bone marrow Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay

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Death and dying are certainly unescapable events in human’s life. Palliative is patient and family centered care that enhances quality of life. It is an approach that enhances life of an individual and their families challenging the issues connected with life-debilitating sickness, through the curative action and help of suffering. Palliative mind all through the continuum of sickness includes tending to physical, scholarly, enthusiastic social, and otherworldly needs and to encourage understanding self-sufficiency, access to data, and decision of consideration According to Loscalzo (2008), Institute of Medicine (IOM) report defines palliative care as “prevention and relief of suffering through the meticulous management of symptoms from the early, through the final stages of an illness.Palliative care attends to the emotional, spiritual and practical needs of patients and those close to them.” Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay

A case scenario related with providing palliative care to an adolescent client was encountered in an Ibn-e- Zuhr building. A 16 year old boy was suffering B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia and was admitted in daycare for his third chemotherapy cycle. While taking his interview I came to know that he was in his usual state of health 4 years back, suddenly he developed fever for 4 months on and off, cough at midnight for 1 month and shortness of breath for 2 week for this he went to nearby hospital in Lahore. Where many diagnostic procedures like CBC and bone marrow biopsy were done and doctor referred him in Karachi for chemotherapy. While interviewing, he verbalized that due to chemotherapy he felt nauseated, and had many episodes of vomiting. Moreover, he had complained of weight loss, fatigue, dyspnea and alopecia. He also verbalized that he had feeling of loneliness and anxiety due to the disease. Patient‘s family s aid that he is not interact in family and isolate himself. Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay

This issue caught my attention; I began to feel the same feeling and concern which my patient was going through at that time. My emotions had totally exceeded my ability to think. As a nursing student, it is my obligation to give comprehensive consideration to the patient and also his family. During patient care I recognized many domains which were affected, like psycho-social, spiritual, physical and communication. Here all spaces of palliative consideration are interrelated to one another yet I will highlight the two most influenced areas: psycho-social and physical. These papers will high light on the concerns, interventions and recommendations regarding physical and psycho-social domains of palliative care.

Patient history revealed physical suffering that is like paling of eyes, dryness of skin and mouth, dyspnea. Diseased process or medications effects on his activity level and decreased appetite. Due to reduced activity and side effects of treatment her appetite had also decreased. As a consequence of decreased appetite and frequent hospitalizations he had lost significant weight in last six months (5-6kg). The difficulty in breathing did not let him sleep peacefully which in turn caused frequent mood swings and irritability in his personality. He also felt embarrassment in socializing and stayed at home due to alopecia. Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay

Referring to the case, symptom relief is the most evident need of the physical domain of palliative care. This is due to the fact that physical problems are closely related with psychological, spiritual and social issues and thus may adversely affect the overall quality of an individual’s life whereas palliative care chiefly aims to improve the quality of life rather than the length of life (Stevens, Jackson & Milligan, 2009). For that reason, I approached the patient by focusing my care on the most discomforting issue that is of dyspnea. Firstly, patient’s dyspnea was managed by non-pharmacological methods that include performing deep breathing, pursed lip breathing and coughing exercises for 10 minutes every hour (Viola et al., 2008). Anemia is also a possible cause of dyspnea and fatigue (Borneman, 2013) which was also evident in the current case where hemoglobin level was just 10.3 mg/dl. Patient was positioned in semi fowlers’ position and spirometry exercises were taught to the patient. Since pain was due to physical exertion so it also improved once dyspnea was settled. Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay

To reduce patient suffering and enhancing quality of life I educate patient besides, a teaching session was delivered to client and family members on importance of good nutrition, in which it was emphasized to take high energy, high protein diet not just to correct dyspnea but also to minimize weight loss and fatigue by promoting repair of damaged tissues (Holmes, 2011). Frequent water intake was also encouraged in order to minimize dryness of mouth. Issue of maintaining functional independence was handled by planning activities and rest periods according to energy level. Assistance was provided in self-care activities (Kumar & Jim, 2010). Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay

Psychosocial area of palliative consideration alludes to the nearby relationship between the individual and the aggregate parts of any social. The patient was also experiencing psychological distress, anxiety and depression. The suffering was intolerable for the patient. Additionally, he was unable to tolerably cope with him condition as evidenced by him social isolation compromising the psychosocial aspect of patient’s wellbeing. Though the family was not well managed financially, patient’s family constantly kept worrying about the cost implications due to his frequent hospitalizations, treatment procedures, medications and chemotherapy etc. Similarly, humans as social beings, share their joys and burdens through social interactions. The family members of the patient also reported their observation that he doesn’t want to get involved in family gatherings and other such activities and would prefer isolation. However, I encouraging my patient to ventilate and verbalize his feelings, thoughts and views. Similarly, a teaching activity regarding emotional coping was practiced that included anxiety managing and guided imagery (Onyeka, 2010). I also guide the family that welfare is available in AKU. Family was given passionate help and was stressed on own wellbeing support. It is commonly observed that member who is in hospital with patient has distinctive stress related to household chores, children’s and families critical for life. Anxiety may also arise in response to sickness related stressor as saw for our situation that not just patient, family was additionally on edge about support persistent, difficulty process and it disgusting reality (Alacacioglu et al., 2013). Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay

The whole journey of palliative care is no doubt a most challenging aspect of nursing profession. Yet, the essence of both palliative care and nursing are fundamentally similar and that is to relieving suffering of mankind by all possible means. In the same way, the task of caring the palliative client was in fact a difficult task. Despite of all the nursing efforts, holistic care was still lacking few aspects due to certain boundaries like time limitation, problem while communicating to patient’s which was resolved to an extent and in capability in dealing with cultural influences on client’s well-being. Furthermore, lack of resources and limited theoretical knowledge also caused hindrance in care and it is the central problem in developing countries. Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay

To conclude palliative consideration nursing is another idea. It is additionally developing in our nation yet on a moderate step and uncommon endeavors are obliged to enhance this field. More mindfulness projects and explores ought to be directed to approach comprehensive consideration amid the days ago of an understanding’s life Nurses must also join this specialty in hospital and community settings to enhance the quality of lives of patients suffering from terminal illnesses.Hemalogic Study Worksheet Essay

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